How this differs from the hardware calculator
The hardware calculator is model-specific: pick a real model (or a custom parameter count) and get one exact number for one quantization level, using that model's real architecture for the context-memory math. This calculator is quantization-first: it shows how the same parameter count scales across every format at once, which is more useful when you're still deciding which level to download rather than checking a final answer. Small differences between the two tools' numbers for the same model, typically within about 10%, come from per-model architecture variation (layer count, attention head count, vocabulary size) that this simpler tool doesn't account for. For a final, precise number, cross-check with the hardware calculator on your specific model.
How the sizes are calculated
Sizes use the same formula and bytes-per-weight figures already published on quantization explained: parameter count multiplied by bytes-per-weight for each format. Quality tiers use that same page's wording, not a separate rating scale invented for this tool. See that page for the full reasoning behind each tier and a worked decision framework for picking a level.